Description
A strong mathematics background is essential to an increasing variety of careers. The Department of Mathematics encourages students to select a coherent body of courses in mathematics and in other disciplines that are consistent with their academic and career goals.
The Department of Mathematics offers a bachelor of arts program as well as a bachelor of science program with four specialty options. Each student pursuing the bachelor of science should select an option that meets their academic and career needs by completing a Program Declaration form in consultation with the department's faculty advisor. Ideally, this should be done prior to completing two mathematics courses beyond the calculus sequence. As appropriate, students can change their Program Declaration to select a different option or modify the program of study subject to the approval of the faculty advisor.
Program Assessment. In order to assist the department in evaluating its programs, all majors should plan to participate in an exit interview during their last semester before graduation. Please make arrangements with the faculty advisor.
College Requirements
College Admission
College Admission
The entrance requirements for the College of Arts and Sciences are the same as the University of Nebraska–Lincoln General Admission Requirements. Students who are admitted through the Admission by Review process may have certain conditions attached to their enrollment at Nebraska. These conditions are explained under “Removal of Deficiencies.”
In addition to these requirements, the College of Arts and Sciences strongly recommends a third and fourth year of one foreign language. Four years of high school course work in the same language will fulfill the College of Arts and Sciences’ language requirement. It will also allow students to continue language study at a more advanced level at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, and provide more opportunity to study abroad.
Transfer Students
To be considered for admission as a transfer student, Nebraska resident or nonresident, students must have an accumulated average of C (2.0 on a 4.0 scale) and a minimum C average in the last semester of attendance at another college. Transfer students who graduated from high school January 1997 and after must also meet the University of Nebraska–Lincoln General Admission Requirements. Those transfer students who graduated before January 1997 must have completed in high school, 3 years of English, 2 years of the same foreign language, 2 years of algebra, and 1 year of geometry. Transfer students who have completed less than 12 credit hours of college study must also submit either their ACT or SAT scores.
Ordinarily, hours earned at a similarly accredited college or university are applicable to the University of Nebraska–Lincoln degree. The College, however, will evaluate all hours submitted on an application for transfer, and reserves the right to accept or reject any of them, based upon its exclusion and restriction policies. Sixty (60) is the maximum number of hours the University will accept on transfer from a two-year college or international institution. Transfer credit in the major or minor must be approved by the departmental advisor on a Request for Substitution Form to meet specific course requirements, group requirements, or course level requirements in the major or minor. At least half of the hours in the major field must be completed at the University regardless of the number of hours transferred.
The College of Arts and Sciences will accept no more than 15 semester hours of C- and D grades from other schools. The C- and D grades cannot be applied toward requirements for a major or minor. This policy does not apply to the transfer of grades from UNO or UNK to the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. All D grades may be transferred from UNO or UNK, but they are not applicable to a major or minor.
Readmitted Students
University of Nebraska–Lincoln students who choose not to take courses for more than two consecutive terms, must reapply to the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. Students readmitted to the College of Arts and Sciences will follow the requirements stated in the catalog for the academic year of readmission and re-enrollment as a degree-seeking student in Arts and Sciences. In consultation with advisors, a student may choose to follow a catalog for any academic year in which they are admitted to and enrolled as a degree-seeking student at Nebraska in the College of Arts and Sciences. Students must complete all degree requirements from a single catalog year. Beginning in 1990-1991, the catalog which a student follows for degree requirements may not be more than 10 years old at the time of graduation.
Admission Deficiencies/Removal of Deficiencies
Students must remove entrance deficiencies in geometry and foreign language as soon as possible, and before graduating from the College of Arts and Sciences. For questions and more information, students should consult a college advisor in the Academic and Career Advising Center in 107 Oldfather Hall.
Removing Foreign Language Deficiencies
Students must complete the second semester of a first year language sequence to clear the deficiency and the second semester of the second year language sequence to complete the college graduation requirement in language.
Removing Geometry Deficiencies
A deficiency of one year of geometry can be removed by taking high school geometry courses through an approved independent study program, or by completing a geometry course from an accredited community college or a four-year institution. Neither of these options will count for college credit.
College Degree Requirements
College Distribution Requirements
Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science (16 hours + Language)
The College of Arts and Sciences distribution requirements are designed to further the purposes of liberal education by encouraging study in several different areas within the College. All requirements are in addition to University ACE requirements. A student may not use a single course to satisfy more than one of the following five distribution requirements. A student cannot use a single course to satisfy both an ACE outcome and a College distribution requirement. A student cannot use a course from their primary major to satisfy the Breadth Requirement (F), but may apply an ancillary requirement of the primary major or a course from their second major toward this requirement. Independent study or reading courses and internships cannot be used to satisfy distribution requirements. To see a complete list of excluded courses, run a degree audit through MyRED.
Courses from interdisciplinary programs will count in the same area as courses from the home/cross-listed department(s).
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| College Distribution Requirements | ||
| CDR A - Written Communication | 3 | |
| Select from courses approved for ACE outcome 1. | ||
| CDR B and BL - Natural, Physical, and Mathematical Sciences with Lab | 4 | |
| Select from biochemistry, biological sciences, chemistry, computer science, geology, meteorology, mathematics, physics and statistics. Must include one lab in the natural or physical sciences. Lab courses may be selected from biochemistry, biological sciences, chemistry, geology, meteorology and physics. | ||
| Some courses from geography and anthropology may also be used to satisfy the lab requirement above. 1 | ||
| CDR C - Humanities | 3 | |
| Select from classics, English, history, modern languages and literatures, philosophy, and religious studies. 2 | ||
| CDR D - Social Science | 3 | |
| Select from: anthropology, communication studies, geography, political science, psychology, or sociology. 3 | ||
| CDR E - Language | 0-16 | |
| Fulfilled by the completion of the 6-credit-hour second-year sequence in a single foreign language in one of the following departments: Classics and religious studies, modern languages and literatures, or anthropology. Instruction is currently available in Arabic, Chinese, Czech, French, German, Greek, Japanese, Latin, Omaha, Russian, and Spanish. A student who has completed the fourth-year level of one foreign language in high school is exempt from the languages requirement. | ||
| CDR F - Additional Breadth | 3 | |
| Select from: natural, physical and mathematical sciences (Area B), humanities (Area C), or social sciences (Area D). Cannot be a course from the primary major. | ||
| Credit Hours Subtotal: | 16-32 | |
| 1 | See degree audit or a College of Arts and Sciences advisor for approved geography and anthropology courses that apply as natural science. |
| 2 | Language courses numbered 210 or below apply only for the foreign language requirement. |
| 3 | See degree audit or College of Arts and Sciences advisor for list of natural/physical science courses in anthropology, geography, and psychology that do not apply as social science. |
Scientific Base
Bachelor of Science Only (60 hours)
The bachelor of science degree requires students to complete 60 hours in mathematical, physical and natural sciences. Approved courses for scientific base credit come from the following College of Arts and Sciences disciplines: actuarial science, anthropology (selected courses), astronomy, biochemistry (excluding BIOC 101), biological sciences (excluding BIOS 203), chemistry (excluding CHEM 101), computer science (excluding CSCE 10), geography (selected courses), geology, life sciences, mathematics (excluding courses below MATH 104), meteorology, microbiology, physics and statistics.
See your degree audit or a College of Arts and Sciences advisor for a complete list including individual classes that fall outside of the disciplines listed above. Up to 12 hours of scientific and technical courses offered by other colleges may be accepted toward this requirement with approval of a college advisor.
Foreign Languages/Language Requirement
Languages Exemption Policy
The University of Nebraska–Lincoln and the College of Arts and Sciences will exempt or waive students from the Nebraska entrance requirement of two years of the same foreign language or from the College’s language distribution requirement based on documentation only. The following are the options and procedures for documentation:
High School Transcripts
For the University entrance requirement, students must show an official high school transcript with two or more years of the same foreign language.
For the College of Arts and Sciences College Distribution Requirement E-Language, students must show an official high school transcript with four or more years of the same foreign language in high school, or show evidence of graduation from a non-English-speaking foreign high school. Students whose native language is not English must show English as a Second Language study on an official high school transcript. Four years of ESL at the high school level (9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades) will be the basis for a waiver of the CDR E Language requirement.
Proficiency Examination at UNL
For the University entrance requirement, students who do not have transcript documentation can request to take a proficiency exam in the language. (This is not the same test as the Modern Languages Placement Exam.) However, the University will provide testing only in the languages it teaches. Currently, these languages are: Arabic, French, German, Spanish, Russian, Czech, Japanese, Chinese.
For the College of Arts and Sciences College Distribution Requirement E-Language, the Department of Modern Languages will oversee the test at the 202 level. If the student passes the test, the department will sign the College Request for Waiver form and indicate the level of proficiency. The form is then forwarded to the Arts and Sciences Advising Center for approval.
The Department of Modern Languages will oversee the test and provide written documentation to the Arts and Sciences Advising Center the level of proficiency passed.
Distance Education
For the University entrance requirement, students without transcript documentation who claim proficiency in a language not taught at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, have the option of seeking out a distance education program in languages. If the student completes the equivalent of 102 from an approved distance education program, the student will meet the University's entrance requirement. The student must have the course work approved before he/she takes/completes the course as equivalent to 102 by a College advisor. The student then completes the course and has the distance education program send the transcript to the Admissions Office.
For the College of Arts and Sciences College Distribution Requirement E-Language, the student can seek out a distance education program and complete the equivalent of the 202-level course. The student must submit the request on the College Request for Substitution form and have the course work approved by a College advisor. The student then completes the course and has the distance education program send the transcript to the Admissions Office.
Third Language Option
If a student demonstrates knowledge of two foreign languages at the 102 level, the College of Arts and Sciences may consider waiving two semesters of the four semester College Distribution Requirement E-Languages requirement. If this waiver were granted, the student would then be required to complete 101 and 102 in another, 3rd foreign language at Nebraska.
Minimum Hours Required for Graduation
A minimum of 120 semester hours of credit is required for graduation from the College of Arts and Sciences. A total grade point average of at least 2.0 is required.
Grade Rules
Restrictions on C- and D Grades
The College will accept no more than 15 semester hours of C- and D grades from other schools except for UNO and UNK. No transfer C- and D grades can be applied toward requirements in a major or a minor. No University of Nebraska–Lincoln C- and D grades can be applied toward requirements in a major or a minor.
Pass/No Pass Privilege
University regulations for the Pass/No Pass (P/N) privilege state:
- The Pass/No Pass option is designed for your use by seeking to expand your intellectual horizons by taking courses in areas where you may have had minimal preparation.
- Neither the P nor the N grade contribute to your GPA.
- P is interpreted to mean C or above.
- A change to or from a Pass/No Pass may be made until mid-term (see academic calendar for specific dates per term).
- The Pass/No Pass or grade registration cannot conflict with the policy of the professor, department, college, or University governing the grading option.
- Changing to or from Pass/No Pass requires using the MyRED system to change the grading option or filing a Drop/Add form with the Office of the University Registrar, 107 Canfield Administration Building. After mid-term of the course, a student registered for Pass/No Pass cannot change to a grade registration unless the Pass/No Pass registration is in conflict with the policy of the professor, department, college, or University governing Pass/No Pass.
- The Pass/No Pass grading option cannot be used for the removal of C- or D or F grades.
Pass/No Pass privileges in the College of Arts and Sciences are extended to students according to the following additional regulations:
- Pass/No Pass hours can count toward fulfillment of University ACE requirements and college distribution requirements up to the 24-hour maximum.
- Most Arts and Sciences departments and programs do not allow courses graded Pass/No Pass to apply to the major or minor. Students should refer to the department’s or program’s section of the catalog for clarification. By college rule, departments can allow up to 6 hours of Pass/No Pass in the major or minor.
- Departments may specify that certain courses of theirs can be taken only on a P/N basis.
- The college will permit no more than a total of 24 semester hours of P/N grades to be applied toward degree requirements. This total includes all Pass grades earned at the University and other U.S. schools. NOTE: This 24-hour limit is more restrictive than the University regulation.
Grading Appeals
A student who feels that he/she has been unfairly graded must ordinarily take the following sequential steps in a timely manner, usually by initiating the appeal in the semester following the awarding of the grade:
- Talk with the instructor concerned. Most problems are resolved at this point.
- Talk to the instructor’s department chairperson.
- Take the case to the Grading Appeal Committee of the department concerned. The Committee should be contacted through the department chairperson.
- Take the case to the College Grading Appeals Committee by contacting the Dean’s Office, 1223 Oldfather Hall.
Course Level Requirements
Courses Numbered above 299
Thirty of the 120 semester hours of credit must be in courses numbered above 299. Of the 30 hours above 299, 15 hours (1/2) must be completed in residence at UNL.
Graduate Courses
Seniors in the University who have obtained in advance the approval of the dean for Graduate Studies may receive up to 12 hours credit for graduate courses taken in addition to the courses necessary to complete their undergraduate work, provided that such credits are earned within the calendar year prior to receipt of the baccalaureate. For procedures, inquire at the Office of Graduate Studies.
Course work taken prior to receipt of the baccalaureate may not always be accepted for transfer to other institutions as graduate work.
Residency
Residency Requirement and Open Enrollment and Summer Independent Study Courses
Students must complete at least 30 of the 120 total hours for their degree at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. Students must complete at least 1/2 of their major course work including 6 hours above 299 in their major, and 15 of the 30 hours required above 299 in residence. Credit earned during education abroad may be used toward the residency requirement if students register through the University and participate in prior-approved education abroad programs. The University of Nebraska–Lincoln open enrollment and summer independent study courses count toward residence.
ACE Requirements
Consistent with the mission and values of the University, ACE is based on a shared set of four institutional objectives and ten student learning outcomes. The ACE program was approved by faculty in all eight undergraduate colleges and endorsed by the Faculty Senate, the student government, and the Academic Planning Committee in January 2008 for implementation in the fall 2009. ACE aligns with current national initiatives in general education.
Key characteristics of ACE demonstrate the benefits of the program to students:
- Students receive a broad education with exposure to multiple disciplines, critical life skills and important reasoning, inquiry, and civic capacities.
- ACE is simple and transparent for students, faculty and advisors. Students complete the equivalent of 3 credit hours for each of the ten student learning outcomes.
- Students connect and integrate their ACE experiences with their selected major.
- Students can transfer all ACE certified courses across colleges within the institution to meet the ACE requirement and any course from outside the institution that is directly equivalent to a University of Nebraska–Lincoln ACE-certified course. Courses from outside institutions without direct equivalents may be considered with appropriate documentation for ACE credit (see academic advisor).
ACE allows faculty to assess and improve their effectiveness and facilitate students’ learning.
ACE Institutional Objectives and Student Learning Outcomes
To meet the ACE Program requirement, a student will complete a minimum of 3 credit hours for each of the ten ACE Student Learning Outcomes (a total of 30 ACE credit hours). See the ACE website at: http://ace.unl.edu for the most current information and the most recently certified courses.
Catalog Rule
Students must fulfill the requirements stated in the catalog for the academic year in which they are first admitted to and enrolled as a degree-seeking student at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. In consultation with advisors, a student may choose to follow a subsequent catalog for any academic year in which they are admitted to and enrolled as a degree-seeking student at Nebraska in the College of Arts and Sciences. Students must complete all degree requirements from a single catalog year. Beginning in 1990-1991 the catalog which a student follows for degree requirements may not be more than 10 years old at the time of graduation.
Learning Outcomes
Majors in mathematics will be able to:
- Reason quantitatively, using numeric, algebraic, and analytic methods.
- Use mathematics to model and address real-world problems.
- Understand, create, and explain mathematical arguments, organized by means of definitions, results, proofs and examples.
Major Requirements
Bachelor of Science
Complete the core requirements and one of four options:
Standard
Education
Statistics
Research
Core Requirements
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| MATH 106 | Calculus I | 5 |
| MATH 107 | Calculus II | 4 |
| MATH 208 | Calculus III | 4 |
| MATH 310 | Introduction to Modern Algebra | 3 |
| MATH 314 | Linear Algebra | 3 |
| MATH 325 | Elementary Analysis | 3 |
| Total Credit Hours | 22 | |
Specific Major Requirements
Select and complete one of the following options: Standard, Education, Research, or Statistics. Under any option, students may substitute a more advanced course in the same area for a required mathematics course.
Standard Option
This option is ideal for students wishing to combine a strong mathematics education with a coherent body of course work in another discipline.
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Standard Option Mathematics Courses | ||
| Select one course from: | 3 | |
| Differential Equations | ||
| Statistics and Applications | ||
| Select four additional advanced MATH courses with at least two at the 400 level. 1 | 12 | |
| Credit Hours Subtotal: | 15 | |
| Any Plan A minor or an approved 18 hour concentration | ||
| 1 | One 400-level course in the area of the concentration may be substituted for one of the required two additional 400-level advanced mathematics courses, provided the course makes significant use of advanced mathematics. The faculty advisor must approve the substitution. |
Education Option
This option is ideal for students planning to pursue endorsement and certification to teach mathematics at the secondary level through an undergraduate degree in the College of Education and Human Sciences or through a graduate program.
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Education Option Mathematics Courses | ||
| MATH 350 | Geometry for High School Teaching | 3 |
| MATH 380 / STAT 380 | Statistics and Applications | 3 |
| MATH 405 | Discrete and Finite Mathematics for High School Teaching | 3 |
| MATH 407 | Mathematics for High School Teaching I | 3 |
| MATH 408 | Mathematics for High School Teaching II | 3 |
| Credit Hours Subtotal: | 15 | |
| An education major, minor, or approved 18-hour concentration | ||
Research Experience Option
This option is recommended for students interested in independent work and for students planning to pursue graduate work in mathematics.
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Research Experience Option Mathematics Courses | ||
| MATH 221 | Differential Equations | 3 |
| Select four additional advanced mathematics courses with at least three at the 400 level. | 12 | |
| Credit Hours Subtotal: | 15 | |
| An approved undergraduate research experience | ||
| A variety of options exist for meeting this requirement including a senior thesis, or an REU or UCARE experience that leads to a project or paper. Students must file a plan with the faculty advisor. | ||
Statistics Option
This option is recommended for students interested in a mathematics major and a strong body of course work in statistics.
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Statistics Option Mathematics Courses | ||
| MATH 380 / STAT 380 | Statistics and Applications | 3 |
| Select four additional advanced mathematics courses with at least two at the 400 level. 1 | 12 | |
| Credit Hours Subtotal: | 15 | |
| Statistics Courses | ||
| Select three additional statistics courses at 300 or 400 level. | 9 | |
| Credit Hours Subtotal: | 9 | |
| 1 | One 400-level statistics course may be substituted for one of the required two 400-level additional advanced mathematics courses, provided the course makes significant use of advanced mathematics. The faculty advisor must approve the substitution. |
Bachelor of Arts
The BA program is ideal for the student who wants to combine a mathematics major with another major or several minors in the humanities or the social sciences or for the student dual matriculating with another college.
Core Requirements
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| MATH 106 | Calculus I | 5 |
| MATH 107 | Calculus II | 4 |
| MATH 208 | Calculus III | 4 |
| MATH 310 | Introduction to Modern Algebra | 3 |
| MATH 314 | Linear Algebra | 3 |
| MATH 325 | Elementary Analysis | 3 |
| MATH 221 | Differential Equations | 3 |
| or MATH 380 / STAT 380 | Statistics and Applications | |
| Total Credit Hours | 25 | |
Specific Major Requirements (9 hours)
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Additional Advanced Mathematics Courses | ||
| Select three additional advanced mathematics courses with at least two at the 400 level. | 9 | |
| Credit Hours Subtotal: | 9 | |
| Total Credit Hours | 9 | |
Additional Major Requirements
Prerequisite Requirements/Rules
The prerequisites listed for a course may be replaced by equivalent preparation. One prerequisite for all advanced mathematics courses is successful completion of MATH 106, MATH 107, MATH 208. Two courses past calculus are required prerequisites for all 400-level mathematics courses. All topics, independent study, reading courses and seminars require permission of the instructor before registering; and these courses do not count toward the major requirements unless approved by the faculty advisor.
Grade Rules
C- and D Grades
A grade of C or higher is required in all courses in the major or minor.
Pass/No Pass
No calculus course can be taken Pass/No Pass. No more than 3 hours of the advanced courses taken as Pass/No Pass will be counted toward the major or minor.
Requirements for Minor Offered by Department
Plan A Minor (19 hours)
A complete calculus sequence plus two advanced mathematics courses.
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| MATH 106 | Calculus I | 5 |
| MATH 107 | Calculus II | 4 |
| MATH 208 | Calculus III | 4 |
| Two advanced mathematics courses | 6 | |
| Total Credit Hours | 19 | |
Plan B Minor (13 hours)
A complete calculus sequence.
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| MATH 106 | Calculus I | 5 |
| MATH 107 | Calculus II | 4 |
| MATH 208 | Calculus III | 4 |
| Total Credit Hours | 13 | |
Grade Rules
C- and D Grades
A grade of C or higher is required in all courses in the major or minor.
Pass/No Pass
No calculus course can be taken Pass/No Pass. No more than 3 hours of the advanced courses taken as Pass/No Pass will be counted toward the major or minor.
Prerequisites: Appropriate score on the Math Placement Exam.
Credit earned in MATH 100A will not count toward degree requirements.
Description: Review of the topics in a second-year high school algebra course taught at the college level. Includes: real numbers, 1st and 2nd degree equations and inequalities, linear systems, polynomials and rational expressions, exponents and radicals. Heavy emphasis on problem solving strategies and techniques.
Prerequisites: Appropriate score on the Math Placement Exam; or grade of P, C, or better in MATH 100A.
Description: Real numbers, exponents, factoring, linear and quadratic equations, absolute value, inequalities, functions, graphing, polynomial and rational functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, system of equations.
Prerequisites: Appropriate score on the Math Placement Exam; or grade of P, C, or better in MATH 101.
Description: Trigonometric functions, identities, trigonometric equations, solution of triangles, inverse trigonometric functions and graphs.
This course is a prerequisite for: AGRO 361, GEOL 361, NRES 361, SOIL 361, WATS 361; AGRO 458, AGRO 858, NRES 458, NRES 858, SOIL 458; ASCI 340; CHEM 109; CSCE 155A; CSCE 155E; CSCE 155H; CSCE 155N; CSCE 155T; GEOL 400, GEOL 400; MATH 104; MATH 106; METR 100; METR 140; MSYM 109; NAVS 331; PHYS 141; PHYS 141H; PHYS 151; PHYS 260; PHYS 261
Prerequisites: Appropriate score on the Math Placement Exam; or grade of P, C, or better in MATH 100A.
For students with previous college math courses, permission is also required. Credit for both MATH 101 and 103 is not allowed; credit for both MATH 102 and MATH 103 is not allowed.
Description: First and second degree equations and inequalities, absolute value, functions, polynomial and rational functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, trigonometric functions and identities, laws of sines and cosines, applications, polar coordinates, systems of equations, graphing, conic sections.
This course is a prerequisite for: AGRO 361, GEOL 361, NRES 361, SOIL 361, WATS 361; AGRO 458, AGRO 858, NRES 458, NRES 858, SOIL 458; ASCI 340; CHEM 109; CSCE 155A; CSCE 155E; CSCE 155H; CSCE 155N; CSCE 155T; MATH 104; MATH 106; MSYM 109; NAVS 331; PHYS 141; PHYS 141H; PHYS 151; PHYS 260; PHYS 261; SOFT 160; SOFT 160H
Prerequisites: Appropriate score on the Math Placement Exam; or grade of P, C, or better in MATH 101, MATH 102 or MATH 103.
Description: Rudiments of differential and integral calculus with applications to problems from business, economics, and social sciences.
This course is a prerequisite for: ABUS 341, MRKT 341; ACCT 200; ACCT 308; ACCT 309; ACCT 313; AGRO 361, GEOL 361, NRES 361, SOIL 361, WATS 361; AGRO 472, AGRO 872, NRES 472, NRES 872, SOIL 472, WATS 472; ASCI 340; BLAW 371; BLAW 371H; BLAW 372; BLAW 372H; BSEN 355; CSCE 155A; CSCE 155E; CSCE 155H; CSCE 155N; CSCE 155T; ECON 215; ECON 215H; ECON 311; FDST 363, MSYM 363; FINA 361; FINA 361H; MATH 104; METR 100; METR 140; MNGT 301; MNGT 301H; MRKT 341H, RAIK 341H; MSYM 109; PHYS 141; PHYS 141H; PHYS 151; PHYS 260; PHYS 261; SCMA 331; SCMA 335; SCMA 350; SCMA 350H
Prerequisites: Appropriate score on the Math Placement Exam; or grade of P, C, or better in MATH 102 or MATH 103
Credit for both MATH 104 and Math 106 is not allowed. Math Placement Policy applies.
Description: Functions of one variable, limits, differentiation, exponential, trigonometric and inverse trigonometric functions, maximum-minimum, and basic integration theory (Riemann sums) with some applications.
This course is a prerequisite for: ABUS 341, MRKT 341; ACCT 200; ACCT 308; ACCT 309; ACCT 313; AGEN 112, BSEN 112; AGEN 225, BSEN 225; AGRO 361, GEOL 361, NRES 361, SOIL 361, WATS 361; AGRO 472, AGRO 872, NRES 472, NRES 872, SOIL 472, WATS 472; ASCI 330; ASCI 340; BIOS 316, MATH 316, NRES 316; BIOS 316L; BLAW 371; BLAW 371H; BLAW 372; BLAW 372H; BSEN 355; CHME 114; CIVE 221, CONE 221; CIVE 252; CNST 241; CNST 252; CNST 306; CSCE 155A; CSCE 155H; CSCE 155N; CSCE 155T; CSCE 235, CSCE 235H; ECEN 103; ECON 215; ECON 215H; ECON 311; FDST 363, MSYM 363; FINA 361; FINA 361H; GEOL 410; MATH 106; MATH 107; MATH 107H; METR 100; METR 140; METR 205; MNGT 301; MNGT 301H; MRKT 341H, RAIK 341H; MSYM 109; PHYS 141; PHYS 141H; PHYS 151; PHYS 211H; PHYS 260; PHYS 261; SCMA 331; SCMA 335; SCMA 350; SCMA 350H
Prerequisites: A grade of P, C or better in MATH 106
Description: Integration theory; techniques of integration; applications of definite integrals; series, Taylor series, vectors, cross and dot products, lines and planes, space curves.
This course is a prerequisite for: ABUS 341, MRKT 341; ACCT 200; AGRO 361, GEOL 361, NRES 361, SOIL 361, WATS 361; AREN 211; ASTR 204; BLAW 371; BLAW 371H; BLAW 372; BLAW 372H; BSEN 244; CHME 202; CHME 331; CSCE 155A; CSCE 155E; CSCE 155H; CSCE 155N; CSCE 155T; ECEN 211; ECEN 224; ECON 215; ECON 311; FINA 361; FINA 361H; MATH 107; MATH 208; MATH 208H; MATH 380, MATH 380H, STAT 380, STAT 380H, RAIK 270H; MECH 223; METR 100; METR 140; METR 223; MNGT 301; MNGT 301H; MRKT 341H, RAIK 341H; PHYS 141; PHYS 141H; PHYS 151; PHYS 212; PHYS 212H; PHYS 260; PHYS 261; SCMA 331; SCMA 335; SCMA 350; SCMA 350H
Prerequisites: Good standing in the University Honors Program or by invitation; and a grade of "B" or better in MATH 106 or equivalent
Description: For course description, see MATH 107.
This course is a prerequisite for: ABUS 341, MRKT 341; ACCT 200; AGRO 361, GEOL 361, NRES 361, SOIL 361, WATS 361; AREN 211; BLAW 371; BLAW 371H; BLAW 372H; BSEN 244; CHME 202; CHME 331; CSCE 155A; CSCE 155E; CSCE 155H; CSCE 155N; CSCE 155T; ECEN 211; ECEN 224; ECON 311; FINA 361; FINA 361H; MATH 208; MATH 208H; MATH 380, MATH 380H, STAT 380, STAT 380H, RAIK 270H; MECH 223; METR 100; METR 140; METR 223; MNGT 301; MNGT 301H; MRKT 341H, RAIK 341H; PHYS 141; PHYS 141H; PHYS 151; PHYS 212; PHYS 212H; PHYS 260; PHYS 261; SCMA 331; SCMA 335; SCMA 350; SCMA 350H
Prerequisites: A grade of P, C or better in MATH 106
Open only to students who previously completed the 5 credit hour Math 107 at UNL and wish to improve their grade.
Description: Integration theory, techniques of integration, applications of definite integrals, series, Taylor series, vectors, cross and dot products, lines and planes, space curves.
This course is a prerequisite for: ABUS 341, MRKT 341; ACCT 200; AGRO 361, GEOL 361, NRES 361, SOIL 361, WATS 361; ASTR 204; BLAW 371; BLAW 371H; BLAW 372; BSEN 244; CHME 202; CHME 331; CSCE 155A; CSCE 155E; CSCE 155H; CSCE 155N; CSCE 155T; ECEN 211; ECON 215; ECON 311; FINA 361; FINA 361H; MATH 107; MATH 208; MECH 223; METR 100; METR 140; MNGT 301; MNGT 301H; MRKT 341H, RAIK 341H; PHYS 141; PHYS 141H; PHYS 151; PHYS 260; PHYS 261; SCMA 331; SCMA 335; SCMA 350; SCMA 350H
Prerequisites: Good standing in the University Honors Program or by invitation; placement score on the Math Placement Examination (MPE) at the MATH 104-level or above.
Topics vary. A University Honors Seminar 189H is required of all students in the University Honors Program.
Description: Applications of quantitative reasoning and methods to problems and decision making in the areas of management, statistics, and social choice. Includes networks, critical paths, linear programming, sampling, central tendency, inference, voting methods, power index, game theory, and fair division problems.
Prerequisites: Must be admitted to the College of Journalism
Description: Applications of quantitative reasoning and methods to problems and decisions making in areas of particular relevance to College of Journalism and Mass Communication, such as governance, finance, statistics, social choice, and graphical presentation of data. Financial mathematics, statistics and probability (sampling, central tendency, and inference), voting methods, power index, and fair division problems.
Prerequisites: A grade of P, C or better in MATH 107
Description: Vectors and surfaces, parametric equations and motion, functions of several variables, partial differentiation, maximum-minimum, Lagrange multipliers, multiple integration, vector fields, path integrals, Green's Theorem, and applications.
This course is a prerequisite for: ABUS 341, MRKT 341; ACCT 200; ACTS 401; BLAW 371; BLAW 371H; BLAW 372; BLAW 372H; CSCE 155A; CSCE 155E; CSCE 155H; CSCE 155N; CSCE 155T; ECEN 215; ECEN 306; ECEN 328; ECON 311; FINA 361; FINA 361H; MATH 208; MATH 221H; MATH 310; MATH 310H; MATH 314H; MATH 325; MATH 495; MECH 318; MECH 321; MECH 325H; MECH 373; MECH 373H; MECH 421, MECH 821, ENGR 421; METR 311; MNGT 301; MNGT 301H; MRKT 341H, RAIK 341H; PHYS 213; PHYS 213H; SCMA 331; SCMA 335; SCMA 350; SCMA 350H; STAT 462
Prerequisites: Good Standing in the University Honors Program and a grade of P, C, or better in MATH 107 or MATH 107H
Description: Vectors and surfaces, parametric equations and motion, functions of several variables, partial differentiation, maximum-minimum, Lagrange multipliers, multiple integration, vector fields, path integrals, Green's Theorem, and applications.
This course is a prerequisite for: ABUS 341, MRKT 341; ACTS 401; BLAW 371; BLAW 371H; BLAW 372; BLAW 372H; CSCE 155A; CSCE 155E; CSCE 155H; CSCE 155N; CSCE 155T; ECEN 215; ECEN 306; ECEN 328; ECON 311; FINA 361; FINA 361H; MATH 208; MATH 221H; MATH 310; MATH 310H; MATH 314H; MATH 325; MATH 495; MECH 318; MECH 321; MECH 325H; MECH 373; MECH 373H; MECH 421, MECH 821, ENGR 421; METR 311; MNGT 301; MNGT 301H; MRKT 341H, RAIK 341H; PHYS 213; PHYS 213H; SCMA 331; SCMA 335; SCMA 350; SCMA 350H; STAT 462
Not open to MA or MS students in mathematics or statistics.
Description: First- and second-order methods for ordinary differential equations including: separable, linear, Laplace transforms, linear systems, and some applications.
This course is a prerequisite for: AGEN 303, BSEN 303; AGEN 344, BSEN 344; AGEN 350, BSEN 350; AGEN 957, BSEN 957, CIVE 957, GEOL 957; BSEN 260, AGEN 260; BSEN 311; BSEN 317; BSEN 326, CIVE 326; BSEN 326H, CIVE 326H; BSEN 943; BSEN 954, NRES 954; CHME 312; CHME 815; CHME 825; CHME 835; CIVE 310; CIVE 310H; ECEN 213; ECEN 216; ECEN 304; ECEN 306; ECEN 328; IMSE 328; MATH 430; MATH 435; MATH 442; MATH 456; MECH 310, MECH 310H; MECH 318; MECH 330; MECH 381; MECH 925; MECH 933; MECH 936; MECH 938; METR 312; PHYS 311; PHYS 422, PHYS 822, ECEN 422, ECEN 822
Description: For course description, see MATH 221/821.
This course is a prerequisite for: AGEN 303, BSEN 303; AGEN 344, BSEN 344; AGEN 350, BSEN 350; AGEN 957, BSEN 957, CIVE 957, GEOL 957; BSEN 260, AGEN 260; BSEN 311; BSEN 317; BSEN 326, CIVE 326; BSEN 326H, CIVE 326H; CHME 312; CIVE 310; CIVE 310H; ECEN 213; ECEN 216; ECEN 304; ECEN 306; ECEN 328; IMSE 328; MATH 430; MATH 435; MATH 442; MATH 456; MECH 310, MECH 310H; MECH 318; MECH 330; PHYS 311
Prerequisites: Must be degree seeking in the College of Education & Human Sciences.
MATH 300M is open only to a middle grades teaching endorsement program student. Credit towards degree may be earned in only one of: MATH 300, or MATH 300M. MATH 300M is designed to strengthen the mathematics knowledge of the middle-level mathematics teacher.
Description: Develop a deeper understanding of "number and operations". The importance of careful reasoning, problem solving, and communicating mathematics, both orally and in writing. Connections with other areas of mathematics and the need for developing the "habits of mind of a mathematical thinker".
Prerequisites: MATH 300, with a grade of C or Pass or better.
Credit towards the degree may be earned in only one of: MATH 301. Designed for elementary education majors with mathematics as an area of concentration.
Description: Geometry and measurement. Develop an understanding of geometry as taught in the elementary school.
Math 300 is a strongly recommended prerequisite. Math 302 is intended for middle grades teaching endorsement majors with a mathematics emphasis and/or to elementary education majors who want a mathematics concentration.
Description: Using mathematics to model solutions or relationships for realistic problems taken from the middle school curriculum. The mathematics for these models are a mix of algebra, geometry, sequences (dynamical systems, queuing theory), functions (linear, exponential, logarithmic), and logic. Mathematical terminology, concepts and principles. Calculator based lab devices, graphing calculators, and computers as tools to collect data, to focus on concepts and ideas, and to made the mathematics more accessible.
Prerequisites: Must be degree seeking in the College of Education & Human Sciences.
Description: How to express mathematical solutions and ideas logically and coherently in both written and oral forms in the context of problem solving. Inductive and deductive logical reasoning skills through problem solving. Present and critique logical arguments in verbal and written forms. Problem topics taken from topics nationally recommended for middle school mathematics.
Prerequisites: Must be degree seeking in the College of Education & Human Sciences.
Description: Basic number theory results which are needed to understand the number theoretic RSA cryptography algorithm. Primes, properties of congruences, divisibility tests, linear Diophantine equations, linear congruences, Chinese Remainder Theorem, Wilson's Theorem, Fermat's Little Theorem, Euler's Theorem, and Euler's phi function. Integers with connections to the middle school curriculum and mathematical reasoning.
Description: Elementary number theory, including induction, the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, and modular arithmetic. Introduction to rings and fields as natural extension of the integers. Particular emphasis on the study of polynomials with coefficients in the rational, real, or complex numbers.
Not open to MA or MS students in mathematics or statistics
Description: Fundamental concepts of linear algebra, including properties of matrix arithmetic, systems of linearequations, vector spaces, inner products, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and diagonalization.
Case studies are structured around preparation for subsequent independent research (BIOS 498 or MATH 496).
Description: Introduction to biological literature, applied mathematics, computer programming, and/or statistical techniques relevant to field questions in ecology, evolution, and behavior. Typical mathematical topics include discrete dynamics, systems of differential equations, matrix algebra, or statistical inference and probability.
Description: An introduction to mathematical reasoning, construction of proofs, and careful mathematical writing in the context of continuous mathematics and calculus. Topics may include the real number system, limits and continuity, the derivative, integration, and compactness in terms of the real number system.
NOT open to MATH majors EXCEPT those under degree option "E" who are seeking a secondary mathematics teaching endorsement.
Description: Modern elementary geometry, plane transformations and applications, the axiomatic approach, Euclidean constructions. Additional topics vary.
This course is a prerequisite for: MATH 408
Credit toward the degree can not be earned in STAT 218 if taken after or taken in parallel with STAT/MATH 380.
Description: Probability calculus; random variables, their probability distributions and expected values; t, F and chi-square sampling distributions; estimation; testing of hypothesis; and regression analysis with applications.
This course is a prerequisite for: ABUS 341, MRKT 341; BLAW 371; BLAW 371H; BLAW 372; BSAD 371H, RAIK 371H; CSCE 970; ECEN 325; ECEN 850, ECEN 450; ECON 311; FINA 361; FINA 361H; MATH 435; MATH 809, MATH 409; MECH 343; MNGT 301; MNGT 301H; MRKT 345; MRKT 350; MRKT 446; SCMA 331; SCMA 335; SCMA 350; SCMA 350H; SCMA 350L
Credit toward the degree can not be earned in STAT 218 if taken after or taken in parallel with STAT/MATH 380.
Description: Probability calculus; random variables, their probability distributions and expected values; t, F and chi-square sampling distributions; estimation; testing of hypothesis; and regression analysis with applications.
This course is a prerequisite for: ABUS 341, MRKT 341; BLAW 371; BLAW 371H; BLAW 372; BSAD 371H, RAIK 371H; CSCE 970; ECEN 325; ECEN 850, ECEN 450; ECON 311; FINA 361; FINA 361H; MATH 435; MATH 809, MATH 409; MECH 343; MNGT 301; MNGT 301H; MRKT 345; MRKT 350; MRKT 446; SCMA 331; SCMA 335; SCMA 350; SCMA 350H; SCMA 350L
Prerequisites: Permission.
Prerequisites: Permission.
Prerequisites: Permission.
Credit is not allowed for both CSCE 235 and MATH 405. NOT open to MATH majors EXCEPT those under degree option "E" who are seeking a secondary mathematics teaching endorsement.
Description: Graphs and networks. Map coloring. Finite differences. Pascal's triangle. The Pigeonholed Principle. Markov chains. Linear programming. Game Theory.
Prerequisites: Math 310, Math 314, Math 380/Stat 380
Not open to MA or MS students in Mathematics. This course is for students seeking a mathematics major under the Education Option and for students in CEHS who are seeking their secondary mathematics teaching certificate.
Description: Designed around a series of projects in which students create mathematical models to examine the mathematics underlying several socially-relevant questions.
Prerequisites: Math 314/814 and either Math 325 or Math 310
Description: Topics fundamental to the study of linear transformations on finite and infinite dimensional vector spaces over the real and complex number fields including: subspaces, direct sums, quotient spaces, dual spaces, matrix of a transformation, adjoint map, invariant subspaces, triangularization and diagonalization. Additional topics may include: Riesz Representation theorem, projections, normal operators, spectral theorem, polar decomposition, singular value decomposition, determinant as an n-linear functional, Cayley-Hamilton theorem, nilpotent operators, and Jordan canonical form.
Description: Elementary group theory, including cyclic, dihedral, and permutation groups; subgroups, cosets, normality, and quotient groups; fundamental isomorphism theorems; the theorems of Cayley, Lagrange, and Cauchy; and if time allows, Sylow's theorems.
Description: Complex numbers, functions of complex variables, analytic functions, complex integration, Cauchy's integral formulas, Taylor and Laurent series, calculus of residues and contour integration, conformal mappings, harmonic functions. Applications of these concepts in engineering, physical sciences, and mathematics.
Not open to MA or MS students in mathematics or statistics.
Description: Derivation of the heat, wave, and potential equations; separation of variables method of solution; solutions of boundary value problems by use of Fourier series, Fourier transforms, eigenfunction expansions with emphasis on the Bessel and Legendre functions; interpretations of solutions in various physical settings.
This course is a prerequisite for: MECH 812
Prerequisites: A grade of P, C, or better in MATH 325
Description: Real number system, topology of Euclidean space and metric spaces, compactness, sequences, series, convergence and uniform convergence, and continuity and uniform continuity.
Not open to mathematics majors. Not open to MA or MS students in mathematics.
Description: Matrix operations, transformations, inverses, orthogonal matrices, rotations in space. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, diagonalization, applications of diagonalization. Curvilinear coordinate systems, differential operations in curvilinear coordinate systems, Jacobians, changes of variables in multiple integration. Scalar, vector and tensor fields, tensor operations, applications or tensors. Complex function theory, integration by residues, conformal mappings.
Description: Qualitative behavior of solutions of systems of differential equations, including existence and uniqueness, extendibility, and periodic solutions. The Putzer algorithm, Floquet theory, matrix norms, linearization,stability theory, and period-doubling and chaos.
Description: Mathematical theory of unconstrained and constrained optimization for nonlinear multivariate functions, particularly iterative methods, such as quasi-Newton methods, least squares optimization, and convex programming. Computer implementation of these methods.
MATH 439/839 has a small laboratory component.
Description: Discrete and continuous models in ecology: population models, predation, food webs, the spread of infectious diseases, and life histories. Elementary biochemical reaction kinetics; random processes in nature. Use of software for computation and graphics.
Credit toward the degree may be earned in only one of the following: CSCE/MATH 440/840 and MECH 480/880.
Description: Principles of numerical computing and error analysis covering numerical error, root finding, systems of equations, interpolation, numerical differentiation and integration, and differential equations. Modeling real-world engineering problems on digital computers. Effects of floating point arithmetic.
Description: Polynomial interpolation, uniform approximation, orthogonal polynomials, least-first-power approximation, polynomial and spline interpolation, approximation and interpolation by rational functions.
Description: Derivation, analysis, and interpretation of mathematical models for problems in the physical and applied sciences. Scaling and dimensional analysis. Asymptotics, including regular and singular perturbation methods and asymptotic expansion of integrals. Calculus of variations.
Prerequisites: MATH 314
Description: Mathematics and algorithms for numerically stable matrix and linear algebra computations, including solution of linear systems, computation of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, singular value decomposition, and QR decomposition.
Description: Introduction to a selection of topics in modern differential manifolds, vector bundles, vector fields, tensors, differential forms, Stoke's theorem, Riemannian and semi-Riemannian metrics, Lie Groups, connections, singularities. Includes gauge field theory, catastrophe theory, general relativity, fluid flow.
Description: Semantical and syntactical developments of propositional logic, discussion of several propositional calculi, application of Boolean algebra and related topics, semantics and syntax of first order predicate logic including Godel's completeness theorem, the compactness theorem.
Prerequisites: Math 314 and either Math 325 or 310
Description: Elementary point-set and geometric topology. Point-set topics include topological spaces, continuous functions, homeomorphisms, connectedness, compactness, quotient spaces. Geometric topology topics include Euler characteristic, classification of surfaces, and other applications.
This course is a prerequisite for: MATH 856
Prerequisites: Math 314 and Math 325
Description: Probability, conditional probability, Bayes' theorem, independence, discrete and continuous random variables, density and distribution functions, multivariate distributions, probability and moment generating functions, the central limit theorem, convergence of sequences of random variables, random walks, Poisson processes and applications.
Prerequisites: Permission.
Prerequisites: Permission.
PLEASE NOTE
This document represents a sample 4-year plan for degree completion with this major. Actual course selection and sequence may vary and should be discussed individually with your college or department academic advisor. Advisors also can help you plan other experiences to enrich your undergraduate education such as internships, education abroad, undergraduate research, learning communities, and service learning and community-based learning.
Mathematics (B.A.)
Critical - ***Total Credits Applying Toward 120 Total Hours***
- A minimum 2.00 GPA required for graduation.
- Complete 30 hours in residence at UNL.
4. Complete 30 hours at the 300 or 400 level.
Mathematics - sTANDARD (B.S.)
Critical Milestones
- You must declare a required minor by this term.
- A minimum 2.00 GPA required for graduation.
- ***Total Credits Applying Toward 120 Total Hours***
- Complete 30 hours in residence at UNL.
4. Complete 30 hours at the 300 or 400 level.
5. Complete 60 hours of Scientific-Base courses in the Natural and Mathematical Sciences.
Mathematics - eDUCATION (B.S.)
Critical - A minimum 2.00 GPA required for graduation.
- ***Total Credits Applying Toward 120 Total Hours***
- Complete 30 hours in residence at UNL.
4. Complete 30 hours at the 300 or 400 level.
5. Complete 60 hours of Scientific-Base courses in the Natural and Mathematical Sciences.
Mathematics - Research Experience (B.S.)
Critical Milestones
- File a Research Plan with MATH faculty advisor.
- A minimum 2.00 GPA required for graduation.
- ***Total Credits Applying Toward 120 Total Hours***
- Complete 30 hours in residence at UNL.
4. Complete 30 hours at the 300 or 400 level.
5. Complete 60 hours of Scientific-Base courses in the Natural and Mathematical Sciences.
Mathematics - Statistics (B.S.)
Critical - ***Total Credits Applying Toward 120 Total Hours***
- A minimum 2.00 GPA required for graduation.
- Complete 30 hours in residence at UNL.
4. Complete 30 hours at the 300 or 400 level.
5. Complete 60 hours of Scientific-Base courses in the Natural and Mathematical Sciences.
Career Information
The following represents a sample of the internships, jobs and graduate school programs that current students and recent graduates have reported.
Transferable Skills
- Apply mathematical and scientific skills to solve real-world problems
- Develop basic techniques of statistical analysis
- Analyze and explain data
- Make predictions using mathematical, statistical, and scientific modeling methods
- Simplify complex information and present it to others
- Examine problems from multiple perspectives
- Use quantitative analysis techniques
- Use qualitative analysis techniques
Jobs of Recent Graduates
- Business Analyst, Sandhills Publishing - Lincoln NE
- Quality Assurance Analyst, Nanonation - Lincoln NE
- Implementation Consultant, Fast Enterprises - Centennial CO
- Data Engineer, Hudl - Lincoln NE
- Website Production Support, Cabela's - Omaha NE
- Programmer/Analyst, Centrix Solutions, Inc. - Lincoln NE
- Math Teacher, Omaha Public Schools - Omaha NE
- Actuary, CNA Insurance - Chicago IL
- Social Insurance Specialist, Social Security - Kansas City MO
- Statistical Analyst, Experian - Lincoln NE
- More...
Internships
- Data Science Intern, The Hartford Insurance Company - Hartford CT
- Actuarial Intern, Lincoln Financial Group - Omaha NE
- Intern, American Embassy - Berlin, Germany
- Programming Intern, Firespring - Lincoln NE
- Intern, Nebraska Human Resources Institute - Lincoln NE
- Intern, Bureau of Sociological Research - Lincoln NE
- Software Development Intern, Tigerpaw Software - Bellevue NE
- Intern, Tetrad Property Group - Lincoln NE
- Summer Intern, Southwestern - Nationwide
- Intern - Group Actuarial, Ameritas Life Insurance Corp. - Lincoln NE
- More...
Graduate & Professional Schools
- Ph. D., Mathematics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln - Lincoln NE
- Ph.D., Physics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln - Lincoln NE
- Ph.D., Economics, University of Tennessee - Knoxville TN
- Master's Degree, Computer Science, University of Malaya - Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Ph.D., Neural Computation, Center for Neural Basis of Cognition - Pittsburgh PA
- Doctor of Physcial Therapy, Creighton University - Omaha NE
- Ph.D., Statistics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln - Lincoln NE
- Master's Degree, System Engineering, University of Pennsylvania - Philadelphia PA
- Master's Degree, Biostaticis, University of Southern California - Los Angeles CA
- Ph.D., Agricultural & Resource Economics, University of California, Berkley - Berkley CA
- More...