Meteorology (METR)

Description: Physical factors that create the biological environment. Radiation and energy balances of earth's surfaces, terrestrial and marine. Temperature, humidity, and wind regimes near the surface. Control of the physical environment through irrigation, windbreaks, frost protection, manipulation of light, and radiation. Applications to air pollution research. Instruments for measuring environmental conditions and remote sensing of the environment.

Description: Equations of thermodynamics, momentum, and continuity are derived and applied to atmospheric motion. Energy conservation, flows, and conversions.

Description: Applications of the principles of dynamic meteorology to the problems of forecasting and meteorological problems.

Description: Development of the atmospheric circulation regimes, from planetary scale (e.g., the planetary waves) to synoptic scale (e.g., the cyclones and anticyclones) and mesoscale, their seasonal variations, and their roles in horizontal vertical energy and water transport and budgets in the Earth system.

Description: Buoyancy and parcel mixing, cloud physics instrumentation, the role of aerosols in precipitation processes, growth of liquid cloud droplets/raindrops/ice crystals, processes associated with falling precipitation particles, drop size distributions and their moments, applications to convection, and parameterizations of cloud microphysical processes for numerical modeling applications.

Description: Physical principles that provide the foundation for meteorology. Absorption, scattering, and transmission of radiation in the atmosphere, cloud physics, precipitation process, atmospheric optics, atmospheric electricity, and lightning.

Description: Basic concepts of atmospheric turbulence and fundamental dynamics, thermodynamics, and structure of the atmospheric boundary layer are discussed. Atmospheric boundary layer parameterizations used in modern weather and climate models are presented.

Description: Dynamic and thermodynamic concepts and principles applied to synoptic-scale weather forecasting. Dynamics, energetics, structure, evolution, and motion of extra-tropical cyclones. Meteorological communications, interpretation and analysis of weather maps, and thermodynamic diagrams.

Description: Analysis and forecasting of subsynoptic-scale weather systems. Convection, thunderstorm models, severe local storm forecasting techniques, mesoscale convective complexes, vertical cross-sections, isentropic analysis, and weather radar.

Description: Dynamics of various types of severe weather (blizzards, flash floods, lightning, thunderstorms and winter and summer tornado outbreaks). Interpretation of the numerical and statistical models utilized to forecast these phenomena. Synoptic case studies of severe weather occurrences. Recent research on severe weather.

Description: Dynamics and conceptual models of mesoscale meteorological phenomena and processes.

Description: Impact of climate and extreme climatic events on society and societal responses to those events. Global in scope and interdisciplinary.

Description: Basic concepts of GIS, hands-on experience with various case studies from geology, meteorology, climatology and environmental applications.

Description: Application of univariate statistics, hypothesis testing, statistical forecasting, forecast verification, time-series analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster/multivariate analysis to atmospheric data for different applications in the atmospheric sciences (from short-term weather forecast to long-term climate prediction).

Description: The fundamental principles of weather radars and the basic application of these principles.

Description: Concepts and principles related to meteorological observations from satellites. Applications for weather analysis and forecasting.

Description: Discussion and practical application of principles and practices of measuring meteorological and related variables near the earth's surface including temperature, humidity, precipitation, pressure, radiation and wind. Performance characteristics of sensors and modern data collection methods are discussed and evaluated.

Description: Maintenance of the climate system and climate change over time. Global budgets of energy, water, and momentum and their balance. Development of simple, physically-based models of climate and of climate change.

Description: Atmospheric phenomena unique to the tropics, and their connection to the global circulation.

Description: Global energy and water balance regimes of the earth and its atmosphere. Utilization of physical laws to reveal causes and effects of interrelationships in the climatic system.

Description: Regional differentiation of the climates of the earth on both a descriptive and dynamic basis. The chief systems of climatic classification.

Description: Interaction between earth's climate and the hydrologic cycle. Energy and water fluxes at the land-atmosphere interface. Atmospheric moisture transport, precipitation, evaporation, snowmelt, and runoff. Impacts of climate variability and change on the hydrologic cycle.

Description: Foundation and maintenance of earth's climate system and its variation over time. Climate modeling.

Description: Elements of climate systems, El Nino/LaNina cycle and monsoons, natural variability of climate on interannual and interdecadal scales. Paleoclimate, and future climate, developed climate change scenarios and climate change impacts on natural resources and the environment.

Description: How the Earth's climate has varied and the forcing mechanisms related to those changes. Themes that reappear through Earth's climate history and into the future; causes of climate change; the natural response times of the multiple components; and the role of greenhouse gases within the climate system at differing time scales.

Description: Topics vary.

Description: Application of meteorology-climatology learning with on-the-job training.

Description: A cohort of students from a variety of STEM disciplines will apply concepts in interdisciplinary science collaboration and communication, data analytics, and research methods. This application will occur in a real-world context as students work together to develop and carry out a research project leading to results suitable for publication in the peer-reviewed literature, or to a high-quality proposal suitable for submission to a funding agency. Students will learn about writing and reviewing proposals for funding, and about writing and reviewing manuscripts for the peer-reviewed literature.

Description: Investigate the physical processes involved in land-atmosphere interactions, focusing on the coupling between land surfaces (especially the soil and vegetation cover) and the atmospheric boundary layer.

Description: Advanced concepts related to severe convective storms. Tornado-genesis, super-cell formation, rotation, movement, morphology, quasi-linear convective systems, deep convective initiation, hail, mesoscale convective systems, and RKW (Rotunno-Klemp-Weisman) theory.

Description: Advanced theoretical background in synoptic meteorology, and opportunities to apply these concepts to real-world problems. Topics include the quasi-geostrophic equations, static stability effects, midlatitude cyclones, upper-level waves, frontogenesis, semi-geostrophic theory, potential vorticity, and IPV thinking.

Description: Hands-on signal processing experience designed to build understanding of radar signal processing methods and radar data limitations. Topics include propagation of radiation, pulse modulation, application of the radar equations, signal statistics and Fourier methods, advanced methods to gather atmospheric data using radar and radar polarimetry.

Description: Climates of the past emphasizing the Quaternary period. Palegeographic changes in response to climatic fluctuations. Techniques for recording and reconstructing past climatic variations. Modeling the changing climate. Climatic changes and human affairs.